Brushed DC Motors And How To Drive Them

Electrical DC motors have been used around for years and ages. They are said to be used by the world for a time period of nearly two hundred years this is because of the various benefits that are associated with the use of these brushed electrical DC motors and the incredibly low cost they are available at and the comfort and ease that is there in driving them.

DC motors and their components

Looking at the basics of DC motors and the DC brushed motor Driver we see that the basic principle at which an electric motor works is that it converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy and turns the motion. This is the result of the interaction that is created between the magnets that are usually created by passing a wire through it that carries current, the wire is bound around a ferrite core. The current that is flowing through the wire is the reason that the magnetic field is generated. Thus, it is generating it with the primary magnetic field that helps create an opposing force that moves one part of the motor causing the influx that causes the axle to rotate. Brushed DC motors are based upon usually four main components that are known as:

1. Stator

The stationary magnet is also known as a stator 

2. A Rotor

The rotor consists of one or more than one winding of the wire over the core that is made up of ferrous metal, that is most of the time the iron. It is then connected to the power by the use of a metal brush.

3. The Commutator 

The commutator is a conductive sleeve that is made up of copper that is placed around the axle of the rotor, it is physically and electrically divided into various segments. The rotation of the commutator is responsible for the frequent connection and disconnection of the segments through the brushes, leading to the polarity of the magnetic field reversing every time the motor rotates 180 degrees, resulting in a continuous and smooth run.

4. The Brush

It is usually made up of metal, as soon as the power is generated it is conducted through this metal brush. And the frequent connection ad disconnection of this brush is the reason that the influx is generated leading to a smoother and constant run.

Alternate To Brushed DC Motors

Alternate to the brushless DC motors has no brushes, hence no use of the brushed DC motor Driver there is the availability of the transistors in the circuit of electric control in order to remove the power to the wire of the rotor. This produces an alternating current produced from a DC supply in order to reverse the current after every half cycle that takes place. This helps it achieve a continuous and smooth flow.

The brushless DC motors are considered to be smoother, faster, and more efficient compared to the motors that were brushed as they have a higher ratio of torque and power and can offer high speed along with very precise control. They also require less maintenance compared to the motors that have the brushes attached, this is because they have no brushes attached to them as a commutator thus very little maintenance is required and they have a long operational life than the ones who have a brush attached. However, the only drawback of these motors is that they are high in cost as the system is based on complex circuits based on its need. Whereas the brushed DC motor Drivers are considered less costly. In order to provide a continuous and smooth motion these brushless motor controllers mostly tend to reverse the direction of the current every time the motor rotates almost every half cycle. 

Whereas the brushed motor does not need any sort of external controller this is because of the fact that the brush that is constantly making and breaking the electrical pathway is changing the polarity of the magnetic field with the help of the winding, making it capable enough to achieve continuous and smooth rotation in one particular direction. It is good for some applications but for others, it might not be very good. However, if we want to change the speed or the direction, we need to use the brushed DC motor Driver that can facilitate it in the change of speed or direction.